The violation of blood pressure causes failures of the entire body. Despite the fact that this disease cannot be completely treated, the course of the disease can be made less evident and problematic for the patient.
Michen Organs
Arterial hypertension is a chronic disorder associated with greater pressure within the vascular walls. In this case, it is very important to distinguish between rare situations in which a person increases the pressure and the real manifestation of this disease. An increase of once can occur for various reasons and often does not repeat it soon. The cause can be the excitement of a person, hormonal malfunctions or injuries.
By asking the question about what arterial hypertension is, it is necessary to face the term "hypertension". This is a temporary increase in blood pressure greater than 140/90. But the hypertension in medicine is called condition in which a person has a permanent indicators. They rarely fall below these numbers alone.
The negative side of this disease is that not only the cardiovascular system suffers from chronically high pressure. In medicine, there is one thing like the target organs. The essence of the problem is that the increase in blood pressure constantly has a negative effect on a number of organs: the heart, the kidneys, the brain and the retina. The disease will adversely affect the whole body, but they will first suffer. The principle of classification of the disease also depends on which body a negative effect has been exercised.
Disease phase
The disease has various forms that depend on the principle to be classified. They may depend on the origin, the course and the blood pressure level. The simplest form of arterial hypertension is simpler, since patients can discover their pressure at home.
Like other disorders, the development of hypertension has several degrees that aggravate only without the necessary treatment. There are rules that help determine the stage of the disease. It is not possible to draw conclusions after one or two measurements of a person's pressure, since this approach can provide incorrect indicators. If a person before this took certain drugs or there was an emotional wave and no more emotions were bad or good, the indicators can change. This will not allow you to see the real picture of the patient's health.
Do not confuse the high pressure, which is located within the normal interval, with how arterial hypertension is manifested. The pressure of 120/80 is considered normal for the human body, but the pressure can also be classified as 129/84. The pressure is considered increased up to 139/89, but is not classified as a degree of hypertension. Hypertension is considered a pressure that exceeds 140/90.
Table 1. Degree of hypertension and pressure level
| The degree of arterial hypertension | Indicators |
|---|---|
| Rule | From 120/80 to 139/89 |
| 1 degree of hypertension | From 140/90 to 159/99 |
| 2 degrees of hypertension | From 160/100 to 179/109 |
| 3 degrees of hypertension | From 180/110 and above |
In addition to the definition of "hypertension" and the classification of the disease based on the degree of development, there is also a unit for primary and secondary hypertension. Primary develops as an independent pathology and often other problems in the human body have not been found in this case. If we are talking about secondary hypertension, it becomes the result of existing diseases in the human body.
The first degree
It is considered a mild form of the disease, the indicators of blood pressure do not exceed 160/100 and the attacks, mainly without serious consequences. The arterial hypertension of the 1st degree is characterized by spasmodic disorders that occur in the work of the heart. The periods of exacerbation can hardly be called rare, but due to a small manifestation and the chronic course of the disease, they are suffered quite easily by the patient. The exacerbation alternates with normal indicators, during this period the patient does not feel the symptoms of the disease.
In order to adequately evaluate the situation, it is necessary to conduct pressure measurements using a tometer several times a day. Usually this is done three times a day in the absence of emotional explosions or other reasons that can influence a short -term change of blood pressure.
The arterial hypertension of the 1st degree has its symptoms, which patients often cannot seriously perceive. The disease can occur with headaches, rapid heartbeat or pain on the left side in the sternum. Patients are often confused by the fact that the hypertension of the first degree is rarely characterized by symptoms.
But even a slight degree of hypertension can have its complications, which are full of serious disorders in the human body. This:
- Cerebral micro -nourishing;
- Cardiac muscle hypertrophy;
- nephrosclerosis.
It is wrong on assuming that the arterial hypertension of the 1st degree can pass without trace if it is treated with medicines. It can be argued that a patient who suffers from first instance hypertension has a risk of complications. Statistics indicate about 15% of this probability.
When the patient was diagnosed with the hypertension of the 1st degree, the situation is as follows: the high pressure can be activated by restricted gaps in the vessels, which leads to insufficient nutrition of body tissues. In the absence of a normal amount of nutrients and oxygen in the cells, necrosis develops. Initially, this process is not evident, but over time some organs in the patient's body and not only some cells can occur over time. The lack of treatment causes ischemic stroke.
If the patient has high blood pressure, even the hypertension of the 1st degree gives a very high risk of developing heart problems.
The change of indicators in the broadest direction provides an additional load on the heart, which, trying to push the blood through the narrow spaces of the vessels, is overwhelmed. Everyone knows that with an additional load, the muscles begin to grow, this also happens with heart fabrics. It may seem that the hypertension of the risk of 1st degree reduces the risk rather, because the heart can pump blood more effectively, but this is not entirely true. Cardiomyopathy can squeeze the vases in the immediate vicinity and even cause death.
The second degree
In the second degree of arterial hypertension, the patient will be up to 180/110 mm Hg at an level. In this case, patients in patients are much larger than with hypertension of the 1st degree, the risk of complication to which it occurs less often.
The second degree of hypertension is characterized by the fact that the pressure becomes extremely rarely to normal, it can decrease and increase, but not reach the eligible limits. Typically, the hypertension of the 1st degree has the risk of moving to the same disease of the 2nd degree, therefore it is possible to determine the appearance of benign or malignant arterial hypertension. To clarify what kind of arterial hypertension has, what it entails and what risks derive helps the development of the pathology.
In patients, vascular deficiency, pulsation in the head, hyperemia, problems with visibility of vision and hypertensive crises are added to the symptoms already familiar. The latter's problem is that the pressure can drastically change by 59 units, which negatively affects the patient's body. In the second degree of hypertension, complications are possible:
- brain thrombosis;
- Aorta aneurysm;
- atherosclerosis;
- Angina Pectoris;
- Encephalopathy.
The peculiarity of this degree of development of hypertension is that the defeat of the target organs occurs. In patients with this diagnosis, hemorrhages are possible in one of the organs. This is due to the fact that, on a subsequent degree of arterial hypertension, the blood vessels lose their previous elasticity and can be much easier to collapse. There are also serious risks of the formation of blood clots on the walls of the blood vessels, the lumen in which it is already reduced.
Due to serious problems that can occur in the second degree of arterial hypertension, the patient can receive disabilities. Very often they give 3 groups. But this does not mean that it is sufficient for the patient to measure his pressure several times and show that it exceeds the admissible rule.
The Commission takes into account the complications that presented themselves against the background of this disease, collects information on hypertension, as well as on the patient's working conditions - only after we can talk about receiving a benefit in cash.
The paradox of the situation is that some patients try to obtain this help to the first symptoms, while others, on the contrary, hide their illness. Very often this is done by employees who can be fired due to working conditions on which it will be based after this (plus leave for illness, an increase in annual leave). But we must not forget that in the second degree of hypertension an additional load can have serious consequences that will rapidly aggravate the disease.
It is worth noting a special case that is possible in the second degree of arterial hypertension. When it comes to malignant pathology, the Commission can assign 2 disability groups. Men over 60 years of age, women over the age of 55 and patients who have irreversible defects have found disabilities for life. This means that there will be no need to overcome the commission every year to confirm the state.
The third degree
By pressure from a person, the degree of illness can be determined. When the indicators begin to reach extremely high rates - from 180/110 mm hg, the patient is diagnosed with a third degree of hypertension. In this case, the complications are very serious, most of which, with the premature supply of medical care, can lead to death. It can be a stroke, cardiac asthma, myocardial infarction, kidney failure and other diseases.
Evaluation of the severity of this degree, patients are assigned 1 group of disabilities. By evaluating the degree of risk of developing diseases, the patient must take rehabilitation without bankruptcy. It is not necessary to speak of the treatment of this degree, but this approach will help to avoid premature death.
There is a concept of hypertension of the fourth degree. In this case, it is quite difficult for a person to help, because it is practically on the verge of death. Medicines help to relieve symptoms and clearly reduce the pressure level. Hypertonic crises are pronounced and very frequent.
The degree of risk
Generally, when the patient is diagnosed, the degree of illness and risk is indicated. This indicator can influence age, sex, obesity, bad habits and other factors.
There are four degrees of risk. The most optimal hypertension of the 1st degree risk is considered, the probability of developing lateral diseases is low, is less than 15%. The arterial hypertension of the 1st degree (risk 2) is one of the most popular diagnoses. This is due to the fact that few patients lead such a lifestyle that would not complicate the disease in any way. When the arterial hypertension of the 1st degree is diagnosed (risk 2), the probability of complications varies from 15% to 20%.
The risk of 3 degrees is the probability of 20-30% of the development of diseases. It's called High. There are also 4 degrees when the probability of developing pathologies exceeds 30%. All the forecasts of the degree of risk are calculated for the next 10 years in the absence of changes in the patient's lifestyle.
Depending on the injury of the patient's internal organs, doctors indicate the phases and the degree of hypertension due to indicators. It is the stage of the disease that determines which organs have been damaged.
The first stage of the disease, in fact, has no indicators, because only an increase in pressure occurs and the human organs are not damaged. With the hypertension of the 1st stadium, the patient will have optimistic forecasts for the future.
In 2 phases of the disease, the first signs of narrowing of the vessels are found, plaques appear and creatinine in the blood plasma increases. All the changes that take place in the internal organs usually do not have serious changes and, with adequate treatment, it is possible to prevent complications.
Unlike the second phase, the third is characterized by specific diseases and not only partial changes. It is a pronounced arterial hypertension, which means that in patients the risk of transfer of myocardial infarction, stroke, appearance of heart failure and kidney failure and other characteristic diseases increase several times.
Characteristics of the disease
Arterial hypertension is common all over the world and is more common in highly developed countries. First of all, this is due to the fact that active life implies communication with a large number of people, and this involves different emotions, both bad and good, which leads to pressure costs.
For many, isn't it even difficult to answer the question of what it is? The prevalence of the disease allows to define this pathology as a 21st century scourge. There is an arterial hypertension syndrome, it is a chronic vascular deficiency, the same hypertension. They are the violations in the work of ships that cause arterial hypertension syndrome.
Gestational arterial hypertension is extremely negative for a woman. The appearance of this pathology is associated with pregnancy, a woman during this period is contraindicated in taking most of the drugs.
At the same time, the lack of treatment can have extremely negative consequences. Statistics show that gestational arterial hypertension is the cause of about a third of the cases of the fatal outcome of the mother during childbirth and can also cause the death of the fetus or premature birth.
In addition to the fact that the patient should know the symptoms of hypertension and what it is, it is necessary to contact the hospital in time, because the treatment of the disease is much easier in the first phase. You need to consult your doctor to increase the dose or involve other drugs. The car -mediation can aggravate the disease.